Practice Your Skills

Reading Text 4 - The Tomb of Antipope John XXIII

The Tomb of Antipope John XXIII is located in Florence, Italy, inside the famous Baptistery of St. John. This tomb is a remarkable example of Renaissance art and architecture. It was created by two renowned artists, Donatello and Michelozzo, in the early 15th century. The tomb is considered a masterpiece because of its intricate design and use of bronze, marble, and other materials.

John XXIII, whose real name was Baldassarre Cossa, was an antipope during the 15th century. An antipope is a person who claims to be the pope without being officially recognized by the Catholic Church. Baldassarre Cossa was elected as an antipope during a time when the Catholic Church was divided by a conflict called the Western Schism. This period lasted from 1378 to 1417, when different people claimed to be the true pope. After losing power, John XXIII sought refuge in Florence, where he died in 1419.

The tomb was commissioned by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici, an important figure in Florence's history and the founder of the powerful Medici family. The Medici family was known for their support of the arts, and this tomb reflects their influence on Renaissance culture.

The tomb’s design is striking. It includes a bronze statue of John XXIII dressed in papal robes, even though he was not a legitimate pope. The tomb also features beautiful relief sculptures and symbols of power, such as eagles and lions. These details demonstrate the skill of the artists and the importance of the person buried there.

Today, the Tomb of Antipope John XXIII is admired by visitors from all over the world. It serves as both a work of art and a reminder of a unique moment in history.

Questions

1. What is the main topic of the passage?

a) The Medici family's influence on Florence
b) The life of Donatello and Michelozzo
c) The Tomb of Antipope John XXIII
d) The causes of the Western Schism

2. Where is the Tomb of Antipope John XXIII located?

a) In Rome, Italy
b) In the Vatican
c) In Florence, Italy
d) In Milan, Italy

3. What does the term "antipope" mean?

a) A person who is officially recognized as the pope
b) A person who claims to be pope without official recognition
c) A person who creates tombs for the pope
d) A person who supports Renaissance art

4. Why is the tomb considered a masterpiece?

a) It was built during the Western Schism
b) It was designed by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici
c) It uses bronze, marble, and has intricate designs
d) It includes symbols of the Medici family

5. Who commissioned the construction of the tomb?

a) Donatello
b) Michelozzo
c) Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici
d) Baldassarre Cossa

6. What historical event is associated with John XXIII?

a) The Renaissance
b) The Western Schism
c) The founding of the Catholic Church
d) The construction of the Baptistery of St. John

7. What does the bronze statue on the tomb depict?

a) Donatello holding a cross
b) Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici dressed in royal robes
c) John XXIII in papal robes
d) A lion and an eagle

8. The phrase "sought refuge in Florence" in paragraph 2 means John XXIII...

a) went to Florence to hide from danger
b) lived in Florence to study art
c) traveled to Florence to build his tomb
d) moved to Florence to become a pope

9. What materials were used to build the tomb?

a) Marble and gold only
b) Bronze, marble, and other materials
c) Wood and stone
d) Bronze and iron

10. What is one reason why people visit the Tomb of Antipope John XXIII today?

a) To learn about the Medici family
b) To admire it as a work of art
c) To study the Western Schism
d) To see Donatello’s grave